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			1606 lines
		
	
	
	
		
			30 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Go
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			1606 lines
		
	
	
	
		
			30 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Go
		
	
	
	
	
	
// Copyright (c) 2014 The mathutil Authors. All rights reserved.
 | 
						||
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 | 
						||
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Package mathutil provides utilities supplementing the standard 'math' and
 | 
						||
// 'math/rand' packages.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// # Release history and compatibility issues
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2020-12-20 v1.2.1 fixes MulOverflowInt64.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2020-12-19 Added {Add,Sub,Mul}OverflowInt{8,16,32,64}
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2018-10-21 Added BinaryLog
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2018-04-25: New functions for determining Max/Min of nullable values. Ex:
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	func MaxPtr(a, b *int) *int {
 | 
						||
//	func MinPtr(a, b *int) *int {
 | 
						||
//	func MaxBytePtr(a, b *byte) *byte {
 | 
						||
//	func MinBytePtr(a, b *byte) *byte {
 | 
						||
//	...
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2017-10-14: New variadic functions for Max/Min. Ex:
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	func MaxVal(val int, vals ...int) int {
 | 
						||
//	func MinVal(val int, vals ...int) int {
 | 
						||
//	func MaxByteVal(val byte, vals ...byte) byte {
 | 
						||
//	func MinByteVal(val byte, vals ...byte) byte {
 | 
						||
//	...
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2016-10-10: New functions QuadPolyDiscriminant and QuadPolyFactors.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2013-12-13: The following functions have been REMOVED
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	func Uint64ToBigInt(n uint64) *big.Int
 | 
						||
//	func Uint64FromBigInt(n *big.Int) (uint64, bool)
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2013-05-13: The following functions are now DEPRECATED
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	func Uint64ToBigInt(n uint64) *big.Int
 | 
						||
//	func Uint64FromBigInt(n *big.Int) (uint64, bool)
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// These functions will be REMOVED with Go release 1.1+1.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2013-01-21: The following functions have been REMOVED
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	func MaxInt() int
 | 
						||
//	func MinInt() int
 | 
						||
//	func MaxUint() uint
 | 
						||
//	func UintPtrBits() int
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// They are now replaced by untyped constants
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	MaxInt
 | 
						||
//	MinInt
 | 
						||
//	MaxUint
 | 
						||
//	UintPtrBits
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// Additionally one more untyped constant was added
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	IntBits
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// This change breaks any existing code depending on the above removed
 | 
						||
// functions.  They should have not been published in the first place, that was
 | 
						||
// unfortunate. Instead, defining such architecture and/or implementation
 | 
						||
// specific integer limits and bit widths as untyped constants improves
 | 
						||
// performance and allows for static dead code elimination if it depends on
 | 
						||
// these values. Thanks to minux for pointing it out in the mail list
 | 
						||
// (https://groups.google.com/d/msg/golang-nuts/tlPpLW6aJw8/NT3mpToH-a4J).
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// 2012-12-12: The following functions will be DEPRECATED with Go release
 | 
						||
// 1.0.3+1 and REMOVED with Go release 1.0.3+2, b/c of
 | 
						||
// http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=954a79ee3ea8
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	func Uint64ToBigInt(n uint64) *big.Int
 | 
						||
//	func Uint64FromBigInt(n *big.Int) (uint64, bool)
 | 
						||
package mathutil // import "modernc.org/mathutil"
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						||
 | 
						||
import (
 | 
						||
	"math"
 | 
						||
	"math/big"
 | 
						||
)
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Architecture and/or implementation specific integer limits and bit widths.
 | 
						||
const (
 | 
						||
	MaxInt      = 1<<(IntBits-1) - 1
 | 
						||
	MinInt      = -MaxInt - 1
 | 
						||
	MaxUint     = 1<<IntBits - 1
 | 
						||
	IntBits     = 1 << (^uint(0)>>32&1 + ^uint(0)>>16&1 + ^uint(0)>>8&1 + 3)
 | 
						||
	UintPtrBits = 1 << (^uintptr(0)>>32&1 + ^uintptr(0)>>16&1 + ^uintptr(0)>>8&1 + 3)
 | 
						||
)
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
var (
 | 
						||
	_1 = big.NewInt(1)
 | 
						||
	_2 = big.NewInt(2)
 | 
						||
)
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// GCDByte returns the greatest common divisor of a and b. Based on:
 | 
						||
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_algorithm#Implementations
 | 
						||
func GCDByte(a, b byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	for b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		a, b = b, a%b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return a
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// GCDUint16 returns the greatest common divisor of a and b.
 | 
						||
func GCDUint16(a, b uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	for b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		a, b = b, a%b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return a
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// GCDUint32 returns the greatest common divisor of a and b.
 | 
						||
func GCDUint32(a, b uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	for b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		a, b = b, a%b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return a
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// GCDUint64 returns the greatest common divisor of a and b.
 | 
						||
func GCDUint64(a, b uint64) uint64 {
 | 
						||
	for b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		a, b = b, a%b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return a
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ISqrt returns floor(sqrt(n)). Typical run time is few hundreds of ns.
 | 
						||
func ISqrt(n uint32) (x uint32) {
 | 
						||
	if n == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if n >= math.MaxUint16*math.MaxUint16 {
 | 
						||
		return math.MaxUint16
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	var px, nx uint32
 | 
						||
	for x = n; ; px, x = x, nx {
 | 
						||
		nx = (x + n/x) / 2
 | 
						||
		if nx == x || nx == px {
 | 
						||
			break
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// SqrtUint64 returns floor(sqrt(n)). Typical run time is about 0.5 µs.
 | 
						||
func SqrtUint64(n uint64) (x uint64) {
 | 
						||
	if n == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	}
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						||
 | 
						||
	if n >= math.MaxUint32*math.MaxUint32 {
 | 
						||
		return math.MaxUint32
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	var px, nx uint64
 | 
						||
	for x = n; ; px, x = x, nx {
 | 
						||
		nx = (x + n/x) / 2
 | 
						||
		if nx == x || nx == px {
 | 
						||
			break
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return
 | 
						||
}
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						||
 | 
						||
// SqrtBig returns floor(sqrt(n)). It panics on n < 0.
 | 
						||
func SqrtBig(n *big.Int) (x *big.Int) {
 | 
						||
	switch n.Sign() {
 | 
						||
	case -1:
 | 
						||
		panic(-1)
 | 
						||
	case 0:
 | 
						||
		return big.NewInt(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	var px, nx big.Int
 | 
						||
	x = big.NewInt(0)
 | 
						||
	x.SetBit(x, n.BitLen()/2+1, 1)
 | 
						||
	for {
 | 
						||
		nx.Rsh(nx.Add(x, nx.Div(n, x)), 1)
 | 
						||
		if nx.Cmp(x) == 0 || nx.Cmp(&px) == 0 {
 | 
						||
			break
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
		px.Set(x)
 | 
						||
		x.Set(&nx)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Log2Byte returns log base 2 of n. It's the same as index of the highest
 | 
						||
// bit set in n.  For n == 0 -1 is returned.
 | 
						||
func Log2Byte(n byte) int {
 | 
						||
	return log2[n]
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Log2Uint16 returns log base 2 of n. It's the same as index of the highest
 | 
						||
// bit set in n.  For n == 0 -1 is returned.
 | 
						||
func Log2Uint16(n uint16) int {
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 8; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 8
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return log2[n]
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Log2Uint32 returns log base 2 of n. It's the same as index of the highest
 | 
						||
// bit set in n.  For n == 0 -1 is returned.
 | 
						||
func Log2Uint32(n uint32) int {
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 24; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 24
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 16; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 16
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 8; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 8
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return log2[n]
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Log2Uint64 returns log base 2 of n. It's the same as index of the highest
 | 
						||
// bit set in n.  For n == 0 -1 is returned.
 | 
						||
func Log2Uint64(n uint64) int {
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 56; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 56
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 48; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 48
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 40; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 40
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 32; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 32
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 24; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 24
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 16; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 16
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if b := n >> 8; b != 0 {
 | 
						||
		return log2[b] + 8
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return log2[n]
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ModPowByte computes (b^e)%m. It panics for m == 0 || b == e == 0.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// See also: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_exponentiation#Right-to-left_binary_method
 | 
						||
func ModPowByte(b, e, m byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	if b == 0 && e == 0 {
 | 
						||
		panic(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if m == 1 {
 | 
						||
		return 0
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	r := uint16(1)
 | 
						||
	for b, m := uint16(b), uint16(m); e > 0; b, e = b*b%m, e>>1 {
 | 
						||
		if e&1 == 1 {
 | 
						||
			r = r * b % m
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return byte(r)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ModPowUint16 computes (b^e)%m. It panics for m == 0 || b == e == 0.
 | 
						||
func ModPowUint16(b, e, m uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	if b == 0 && e == 0 {
 | 
						||
		panic(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if m == 1 {
 | 
						||
		return 0
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	r := uint32(1)
 | 
						||
	for b, m := uint32(b), uint32(m); e > 0; b, e = b*b%m, e>>1 {
 | 
						||
		if e&1 == 1 {
 | 
						||
			r = r * b % m
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return uint16(r)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ModPowUint32 computes (b^e)%m. It panics for m == 0 || b == e == 0.
 | 
						||
func ModPowUint32(b, e, m uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	if b == 0 && e == 0 {
 | 
						||
		panic(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if m == 1 {
 | 
						||
		return 0
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	r := uint64(1)
 | 
						||
	for b, m := uint64(b), uint64(m); e > 0; b, e = b*b%m, e>>1 {
 | 
						||
		if e&1 == 1 {
 | 
						||
			r = r * b % m
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return uint32(r)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ModPowUint64 computes (b^e)%m. It panics for m == 0 || b == e == 0.
 | 
						||
func ModPowUint64(b, e, m uint64) (r uint64) {
 | 
						||
	if b == 0 && e == 0 {
 | 
						||
		panic(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if m == 1 {
 | 
						||
		return 0
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return modPowBigInt(big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(b), big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(e), big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(m)).Uint64()
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
func modPowBigInt(b, e, m *big.Int) (r *big.Int) {
 | 
						||
	r = big.NewInt(1)
 | 
						||
	for i, n := 0, e.BitLen(); i < n; i++ {
 | 
						||
		if e.Bit(i) != 0 {
 | 
						||
			r.Mod(r.Mul(r, b), m)
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
		b.Mod(b.Mul(b, b), m)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ModPowBigInt computes (b^e)%m. Returns nil for e < 0. It panics for m == 0 || b == e == 0.
 | 
						||
func ModPowBigInt(b, e, m *big.Int) (r *big.Int) {
 | 
						||
	if b.Sign() == 0 && e.Sign() == 0 {
 | 
						||
		panic(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if m.Cmp(_1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return big.NewInt(0)
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if e.Sign() < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return modPowBigInt(big.NewInt(0).Set(b), big.NewInt(0).Set(e), m)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
var uint64ToBigIntDelta big.Int
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
func init() {
 | 
						||
	uint64ToBigIntDelta.SetBit(&uint64ToBigIntDelta, 63, 1)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
var uintptrBits int
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
func init() {
 | 
						||
	x := uint64(math.MaxUint64)
 | 
						||
	uintptrBits = BitLenUintptr(uintptr(x))
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UintptrBits returns the bit width of an uintptr at the executing machine.
 | 
						||
func UintptrBits() int {
 | 
						||
	return uintptrBits
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// AddUint128_64 returns the uint128 sum of uint64 a and b.
 | 
						||
func AddUint128_64(a, b uint64) (hi uint64, lo uint64) {
 | 
						||
	lo = a + b
 | 
						||
	if lo < a {
 | 
						||
		hi = 1
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return hi, lo
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MulUint128_64 returns the uint128 bit product of uint64 a and b.
 | 
						||
func MulUint128_64(a, b uint64) (hi, lo uint64) {
 | 
						||
	/*
 | 
						||
		2^(2 W) ahi bhi + 2^W alo bhi + 2^W ahi blo + alo blo
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
		FEDCBA98 76543210 FEDCBA98 76543210
 | 
						||
		                  ---- alo*blo ----
 | 
						||
		         ---- alo*bhi ----
 | 
						||
		         ---- ahi*blo ----
 | 
						||
		---- ahi*bhi ----
 | 
						||
	*/
 | 
						||
	const w = 32
 | 
						||
	const m = 1<<w - 1
 | 
						||
	ahi, bhi, alo, blo := a>>w, b>>w, a&m, b&m
 | 
						||
	lo = alo * blo
 | 
						||
	mid1 := alo * bhi
 | 
						||
	mid2 := ahi * blo
 | 
						||
	c1, lo := AddUint128_64(lo, mid1<<w)
 | 
						||
	c2, lo := AddUint128_64(lo, mid2<<w)
 | 
						||
	_, hi = AddUint128_64(ahi*bhi, mid1>>w+mid2>>w+c1+c2)
 | 
						||
	return
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// PowerizeBigInt returns (e, p) such that e is the smallest number for which p
 | 
						||
// == b^e is greater or equal n. For n < 0 or b < 2 (0, nil) is returned.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// NOTE: Run time for large values of n (above about 2^1e6 ~= 1e300000) can be
 | 
						||
// significant and/or unacceptabe.  For any smaller values of n the function
 | 
						||
// typically performs in sub second time.  For "small" values of n (cca bellow
 | 
						||
// 2^1e3 ~= 1e300) the same can be easily below 10 µs.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// A special (and trivial) case of b == 2 is handled separately and performs
 | 
						||
// much faster.
 | 
						||
func PowerizeBigInt(b, n *big.Int) (e uint32, p *big.Int) {
 | 
						||
	switch {
 | 
						||
	case b.Cmp(_2) < 0 || n.Sign() < 0:
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	case n.Sign() == 0 || n.Cmp(_1) == 0:
 | 
						||
		return 0, big.NewInt(1)
 | 
						||
	case b.Cmp(_2) == 0:
 | 
						||
		p = big.NewInt(0)
 | 
						||
		e = uint32(n.BitLen() - 1)
 | 
						||
		p.SetBit(p, int(e), 1)
 | 
						||
		if p.Cmp(n) < 0 {
 | 
						||
			p.Mul(p, _2)
 | 
						||
			e++
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	bw := b.BitLen()
 | 
						||
	nw := n.BitLen()
 | 
						||
	p = big.NewInt(1)
 | 
						||
	var bb, r big.Int
 | 
						||
	for {
 | 
						||
		switch p.Cmp(n) {
 | 
						||
		case -1:
 | 
						||
			x := uint32((nw - p.BitLen()) / bw)
 | 
						||
			if x == 0 {
 | 
						||
				x = 1
 | 
						||
			}
 | 
						||
			e += x
 | 
						||
			switch x {
 | 
						||
			case 1:
 | 
						||
				p.Mul(p, b)
 | 
						||
			default:
 | 
						||
				r.Set(_1)
 | 
						||
				bb.Set(b)
 | 
						||
				e := x
 | 
						||
				for {
 | 
						||
					if e&1 != 0 {
 | 
						||
						r.Mul(&r, &bb)
 | 
						||
					}
 | 
						||
					if e >>= 1; e == 0 {
 | 
						||
						break
 | 
						||
					}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
					bb.Mul(&bb, &bb)
 | 
						||
				}
 | 
						||
				p.Mul(p, &r)
 | 
						||
			}
 | 
						||
		case 0, 1:
 | 
						||
			return
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// PowerizeUint32BigInt returns (e, p) such that e is the smallest number for
 | 
						||
// which p == b^e is greater or equal n. For n < 0 or b < 2 (0, nil) is
 | 
						||
// returned.
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// More info: see PowerizeBigInt.
 | 
						||
func PowerizeUint32BigInt(b uint32, n *big.Int) (e uint32, p *big.Int) {
 | 
						||
	switch {
 | 
						||
	case b < 2 || n.Sign() < 0:
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	case n.Sign() == 0 || n.Cmp(_1) == 0:
 | 
						||
		return 0, big.NewInt(1)
 | 
						||
	case b == 2:
 | 
						||
		p = big.NewInt(0)
 | 
						||
		e = uint32(n.BitLen() - 1)
 | 
						||
		p.SetBit(p, int(e), 1)
 | 
						||
		if p.Cmp(n) < 0 {
 | 
						||
			p.Mul(p, _2)
 | 
						||
			e++
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
		return
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	var bb big.Int
 | 
						||
	bb.SetInt64(int64(b))
 | 
						||
	return PowerizeBigInt(&bb, n)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
/*
 | 
						||
ProbablyPrimeUint32 returns true if n is prime or n is a pseudoprime to base a.
 | 
						||
It implements the Miller-Rabin primality test for one specific value of 'a' and
 | 
						||
k == 1.
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
Wrt pseudocode shown at
 | 
						||
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller-Rabin_primality_test#Algorithm_and_running_time
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	Input: n > 3, an odd integer to be tested for primality;
 | 
						||
	Input: k, a parameter that determines the accuracy of the test
 | 
						||
	Output: composite if n is composite, otherwise probably prime
 | 
						||
	write n − 1 as 2^s·d with d odd by factoring powers of 2 from n − 1
 | 
						||
	LOOP: repeat k times:
 | 
						||
	   pick a random integer a in the range [2, n − 2]
 | 
						||
	   x ← a^d mod n
 | 
						||
	   if x = 1 or x = n − 1 then do next LOOP
 | 
						||
	   for r = 1 .. s − 1
 | 
						||
	      x ← x^2 mod n
 | 
						||
	      if x = 1 then return composite
 | 
						||
	      if x = n − 1 then do next LOOP
 | 
						||
	   return composite
 | 
						||
	return probably prime
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
... this function behaves like passing 1 for 'k' and additionally a
 | 
						||
fixed/non-random 'a'.  Otherwise it's the same algorithm.
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
See also: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Rabin-MillerStrongPseudoprimeTest.html
 | 
						||
*/
 | 
						||
func ProbablyPrimeUint32(n, a uint32) bool {
 | 
						||
	d, s := n-1, 0
 | 
						||
	for ; d&1 == 0; d, s = d>>1, s+1 {
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	x := uint64(ModPowUint32(a, d, n))
 | 
						||
	if x == 1 || uint32(x) == n-1 {
 | 
						||
		return true
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	for ; s > 1; s-- {
 | 
						||
		if x = x * x % uint64(n); x == 1 {
 | 
						||
			return false
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
		if uint32(x) == n-1 {
 | 
						||
			return true
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ProbablyPrimeUint64_32 returns true if n is prime or n is a pseudoprime to
 | 
						||
// base a. It implements the Miller-Rabin primality test for one specific value
 | 
						||
// of 'a' and k == 1.  See also ProbablyPrimeUint32.
 | 
						||
func ProbablyPrimeUint64_32(n uint64, a uint32) bool {
 | 
						||
	d, s := n-1, 0
 | 
						||
	for ; d&1 == 0; d, s = d>>1, s+1 {
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	x := ModPowUint64(uint64(a), d, n)
 | 
						||
	if x == 1 || x == n-1 {
 | 
						||
		return true
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	bx, bn := big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(x), big.NewInt(0).SetUint64(n)
 | 
						||
	for ; s > 1; s-- {
 | 
						||
		if x = bx.Mod(bx.Mul(bx, bx), bn).Uint64(); x == 1 {
 | 
						||
			return false
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
		if x == n-1 {
 | 
						||
			return true
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ProbablyPrimeBigInt_32 returns true if n is prime or n is a pseudoprime to
 | 
						||
// base a. It implements the Miller-Rabin primality test for one specific value
 | 
						||
// of 'a' and k == 1.  See also ProbablyPrimeUint32.
 | 
						||
func ProbablyPrimeBigInt_32(n *big.Int, a uint32) bool {
 | 
						||
	var d big.Int
 | 
						||
	d.Set(n)
 | 
						||
	d.Sub(&d, _1) // d <- n-1
 | 
						||
	s := 0
 | 
						||
	for ; d.Bit(s) == 0; s++ {
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	nMinus1 := big.NewInt(0).Set(&d)
 | 
						||
	d.Rsh(&d, uint(s))
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	x := ModPowBigInt(big.NewInt(int64(a)), &d, n)
 | 
						||
	if x.Cmp(_1) == 0 || x.Cmp(nMinus1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return true
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	for ; s > 1; s-- {
 | 
						||
		if x = x.Mod(x.Mul(x, x), n); x.Cmp(_1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
			return false
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
		if x.Cmp(nMinus1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
			return true
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ProbablyPrimeBigInt returns true if n is prime or n is a pseudoprime to base
 | 
						||
// a. It implements the Miller-Rabin primality test for one specific value of
 | 
						||
// 'a' and k == 1.  See also ProbablyPrimeUint32.
 | 
						||
func ProbablyPrimeBigInt(n, a *big.Int) bool {
 | 
						||
	var d big.Int
 | 
						||
	d.Set(n)
 | 
						||
	d.Sub(&d, _1) // d <- n-1
 | 
						||
	s := 0
 | 
						||
	for ; d.Bit(s) == 0; s++ {
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	nMinus1 := big.NewInt(0).Set(&d)
 | 
						||
	d.Rsh(&d, uint(s))
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	x := ModPowBigInt(a, &d, n)
 | 
						||
	if x.Cmp(_1) == 0 || x.Cmp(nMinus1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return true
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	for ; s > 1; s-- {
 | 
						||
		if x = x.Mod(x.Mul(x, x), n); x.Cmp(_1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
			return false
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
		if x.Cmp(nMinus1) == 0 {
 | 
						||
			return true
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Max returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func Max(a, b int) int {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Min returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func Min(a, b int) int {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxPtr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxPtr(a, b *int) *int {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinPtr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinPtr(a, b *int) *int {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxVal returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxVal(val int, vals ...int) int {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinVal returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinVal(val int, vals ...int) int {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// Clamp returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func Clamp(v, lo, hi int) int {
 | 
						||
	return Min(Max(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UMax returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func UMax(a, b uint) uint {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UMin returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func UMin(a, b uint) uint {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UMaxPtr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func UMaxPtr(a, b *uint) *uint {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UMinPtr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func UMinPtr(a, b *uint) *uint {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UMaxVal returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func UMaxVal(val uint, vals ...uint) uint {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UMinVal returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func UMinVal(val uint, vals ...uint) uint {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// UClamp returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func UClamp(v, lo, hi uint) uint {
 | 
						||
	return UMin(UMax(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxByte returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxByte(a, b byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinByte returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinByte(a, b byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxBytePtr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxBytePtr(a, b *byte) *byte {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinBytePtr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinBytePtr(a, b *byte) *byte {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxByteVal returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxByteVal(val byte, vals ...byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinByteVal returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinByteVal(val byte, vals ...byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampByte returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampByte(v, lo, hi byte) byte {
 | 
						||
	return MinByte(MaxByte(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt8 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt8(a, b int8) int8 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt8 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinInt8(a, b int8) int8 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt8Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt8Ptr(a, b *int8) *int8 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt8Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinInt8Ptr(a, b *int8) *int8 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt8Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt8Val(val int8, vals ...int8) int8 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt8Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinInt8Val(val int8, vals ...int8) int8 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampInt8 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampInt8(v, lo, hi int8) int8 {
 | 
						||
	return MinInt8(MaxInt8(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint16 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint16(a, b uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint16 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinUint16(a, b uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint16Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint16Ptr(a, b *uint16) *uint16 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint16Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinUint16Ptr(a, b *uint16) *uint16 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint16Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint16Val(val uint16, vals ...uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint16Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinUint16Val(val uint16, vals ...uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampUint16 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampUint16(v, lo, hi uint16) uint16 {
 | 
						||
	return MinUint16(MaxUint16(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt16 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt16(a, b int16) int16 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt16 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinInt16(a, b int16) int16 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt16Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt16Ptr(a, b *int16) *int16 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt16Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinInt16Ptr(a, b *int16) *int16 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt16Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt16Val(val int16, vals ...int16) int16 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt16Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinInt16Val(val int16, vals ...int16) int16 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampInt16 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampInt16(v, lo, hi int16) int16 {
 | 
						||
	return MinInt16(MaxInt16(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint32 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint32(a, b uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint32 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinUint32(a, b uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint32Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint32Ptr(a, b *uint32) *uint32 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint32Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinUint32Ptr(a, b *uint32) *uint32 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint32Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint32Val(val uint32, vals ...uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint32Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinUint32Val(val uint32, vals ...uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampUint32 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampUint32(v, lo, hi uint32) uint32 {
 | 
						||
	return MinUint32(MaxUint32(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt32 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt32(a, b int32) int32 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt32 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinInt32(a, b int32) int32 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt32Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt32Ptr(a, b *int32) *int32 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt32Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinInt32Ptr(a, b *int32) *int32 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt32Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt32Val(val int32, vals ...int32) int32 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt32Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinInt32Val(val int32, vals ...int32) int32 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampInt32 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampInt32(v, lo, hi int32) int32 {
 | 
						||
	return MinInt32(MaxInt32(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint64 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint64(a, b uint64) uint64 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint64 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinUint64(a, b uint64) uint64 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint64Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint64Ptr(a, b *uint64) *uint64 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint64Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinUint64Ptr(a, b *uint64) *uint64 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxUint64Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxUint64Val(val uint64, vals ...uint64) uint64 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinUint64Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinUint64Val(val uint64, vals ...uint64) uint64 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampUint64 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampUint64(v, lo, hi uint64) uint64 {
 | 
						||
	return MinUint64(MaxUint64(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt64 returns the larger of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt64(a, b int64) int64 {
 | 
						||
	if a > b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt64 returns the smaller of a and b.
 | 
						||
func MinInt64(a, b int64) int64 {
 | 
						||
	if a < b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt64Ptr returns a pointer to the larger of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt64Ptr(a, b *int64) *int64 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a > *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt64Ptr returns a pointer to the smaller of a and b, or nil.
 | 
						||
func MinInt64Ptr(a, b *int64) *int64 {
 | 
						||
	if a == nil {
 | 
						||
		return b
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if b == nil {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	if *a < *b {
 | 
						||
		return a
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MaxInt64Val returns the largest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MaxInt64Val(val int64, vals ...int64) int64 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v > res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MinInt64Val returns the smallest argument passed.
 | 
						||
func MinInt64Val(val int64, vals ...int64) int64 {
 | 
						||
	res := val
 | 
						||
	for _, v := range vals {
 | 
						||
		if v < res {
 | 
						||
			res = v
 | 
						||
		}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return res
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ClampInt64 returns a value restricted between lo and hi.
 | 
						||
func ClampInt64(v, lo, hi int64) int64 {
 | 
						||
	return MinInt64(MaxInt64(v, lo), hi)
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// ToBase produces n in base b. For example
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	ToBase(2047, 22) -> [1, 5, 4]
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
//	1 * 22^0           1
 | 
						||
//	5 * 22^1         110
 | 
						||
//	4 * 22^2        1936
 | 
						||
//	                ----
 | 
						||
//	                2047
 | 
						||
//
 | 
						||
// ToBase panics for bases < 2.
 | 
						||
func ToBase(n *big.Int, b int) []int {
 | 
						||
	var nn big.Int
 | 
						||
	nn.Set(n)
 | 
						||
	if b < 2 {
 | 
						||
		panic("invalid base")
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	k := 1
 | 
						||
	switch nn.Sign() {
 | 
						||
	case -1:
 | 
						||
		nn.Neg(&nn)
 | 
						||
		k = -1
 | 
						||
	case 0:
 | 
						||
		return []int{0}
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	bb := big.NewInt(int64(b))
 | 
						||
	var r []int
 | 
						||
	rem := big.NewInt(0)
 | 
						||
	for nn.Sign() != 0 {
 | 
						||
		nn.QuoRem(&nn, bb, rem)
 | 
						||
		r = append(r, k*int(rem.Int64()))
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
	return r
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// CheckAddInt64 returns the a+b and an indicator that the result is greater
 | 
						||
// than math.MaxInt64.
 | 
						||
func CheckAddInt64(a, b int64) (sum int64, gt bool) {
 | 
						||
	return a + b, a > 0 && b > math.MaxInt64-a || a < 0 && b < math.MinInt64-a
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// CheckSubInt64 returns a-b and an indicator that the result is less than than
 | 
						||
// math.MinInt64.
 | 
						||
func CheckSubInt64(a, b int64) (sum int64, lt bool) {
 | 
						||
	return a - b, a > 0 && a-math.MaxInt64 > b || a < 0 && a-math.MinInt64 < b
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// AddOverflowInt8 returns a + b and an indication whether the addition
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int8 range.
 | 
						||
func AddOverflowInt8(a, b int8) (r int8, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a + b
 | 
						||
	if a > 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint8(r) > math.MaxInt8
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint8(r) <= math.MaxInt8
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// AddOverflowInt16 returns a + b and an indication whether the addition
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int16 range.
 | 
						||
func AddOverflowInt16(a, b int16) (r int16, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a + b
 | 
						||
	if a > 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint16(r) > math.MaxInt16
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint16(r) <= math.MaxInt16
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// AddOverflowInt32 returns a + b and an indication whether the addition
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int32 range.
 | 
						||
func AddOverflowInt32(a, b int32) (r int32, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a + b
 | 
						||
	if a > 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint32(r) > math.MaxInt32
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint32(r) <= math.MaxInt32
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// AddOverflowInt64 returns a + b and an indication whether the addition
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int64 range.
 | 
						||
func AddOverflowInt64(a, b int64) (r int64, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a + b
 | 
						||
	if a > 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint64(r) > math.MaxInt64
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint64(r) <= math.MaxInt64
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// SubOverflowInt8 returns a - b and an indication whether the subtraction
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int8 range.
 | 
						||
func SubOverflowInt8(a, b int8) (r int8, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a - b
 | 
						||
	if a >= 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint8(r) >= math.MaxInt8+1
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint8(r) <= math.MaxInt8
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// SubOverflowInt16 returns a - b and an indication whether the subtraction
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int16 range.
 | 
						||
func SubOverflowInt16(a, b int16) (r int16, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a - b
 | 
						||
	if a >= 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint16(r) >= math.MaxInt16+1
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint16(r) <= math.MaxInt16
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// SubOverflowInt32 returns a - b and an indication whether the subtraction
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int32 range.
 | 
						||
func SubOverflowInt32(a, b int32) (r int32, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a - b
 | 
						||
	if a >= 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint32(r) >= math.MaxInt32+1
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint32(r) <= math.MaxInt32
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// SubOverflowInt64 returns a - b and an indication whether the subtraction
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int64 range.
 | 
						||
func SubOverflowInt64(a, b int64) (r int64, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	r = a - b
 | 
						||
	if a >= 0 && b < 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint64(r) >= math.MaxInt64+1
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a < 0 && b > 0 {
 | 
						||
		return r, uint64(r) <= math.MaxInt64
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, false
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MulOverflowInt8 returns a * b and an indication whether the product
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int8 range.
 | 
						||
func MulOverflowInt8(a, b int8) (r int8, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	if a == 0 || b == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return 0, false
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	z := int16(a) * int16(b)
 | 
						||
	return int8(z), z < math.MinInt8 || z > math.MaxInt8
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MulOverflowInt16 returns a * b and an indication whether the product
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int16 range.
 | 
						||
func MulOverflowInt16(a, b int16) (r int16, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	if a == 0 || b == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return 0, false
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	z := int32(a) * int32(b)
 | 
						||
	return int16(z), z < math.MinInt16 || z > math.MaxInt16
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MulOverflowInt32 returns a * b and an indication whether the product
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int32 range.
 | 
						||
func MulOverflowInt32(a, b int32) (r int32, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	if a == 0 || b == 0 {
 | 
						||
		return 0, false
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	z := int64(a) * int64(b)
 | 
						||
	return int32(z), z < math.MinInt32 || z > math.MaxInt32
 | 
						||
}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
// MulOverflowInt64 returns a * b and an indication whether the product
 | 
						||
// overflowed the int64 range.
 | 
						||
func MulOverflowInt64(a, b int64) (r int64, ovf bool) {
 | 
						||
	// https://groups.google.com/g/golang-nuts/c/h5oSN5t3Au4/m/KaNQREhZh0QJ
 | 
						||
	const mostPositive = 1<<63 - 1
 | 
						||
	const mostNegative = -(mostPositive + 1)
 | 
						||
	r = a * b
 | 
						||
	if a == 0 || b == 0 || a == 1 || b == 1 {
 | 
						||
		return r, false
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	if a == mostNegative || b == mostNegative {
 | 
						||
		return r, true
 | 
						||
	}
 | 
						||
 | 
						||
	return r, r/b != a
 | 
						||
}
 |